PRAXIS Pre-Professional Skills Test (PPST) II : PRAXIS2

Annie is adjusting her dolls on four floors of her doll house. Her dolls are named Joy, Mike, Linda, Minnie,
Sandra, Oman, and Penny. Two dolls will be adjusted on each of the first three floors ground floor, first
floor and second floor. One doll will be alone on the top floor.
Neither Joy nor Sandra will be adjusted with Mike.
Linda will not be adjusted with Minnie.
If Oman is not adjusted with Minnie, Oman is adjusted with Penny.
Which of the following three pairs of dolls can be adjusted on the three floors-ground, first and second?

• A. Joy and Linda, Mike and Sandra, Minnie and Oman
• B. Joy and Penny, Linda and Sandra, Mike and Oman
• C. Joy and Mike, Linda and Penny, Sandra and Oman
• D. Joy and Sandra, Mike and Linda, Oman and Penny
• E. Joy and Sandra, Mike and Penny, Linda and Minnie

The fossil remain of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more
than two centuries. How such large creatures, which weighed in some cases as much as a piloted
hangglider and had wingspans from 8 to 12 meters, solved the problems of powered flight, and exactly
what these creatures were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientist have puzzled over.
Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls,
pelvises, and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the
class of birds. In pterosaurs a greatly elongated fourth finger of each forelimb supported a wing like
membrane. The other fingers were short and reptilian, with sharp claws, in birds the second finger is the
principle strut of the wing, which consists primarily of features. If the pterosaur walked or remained
stationary, the fourth finger, and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape
along side of the animal's body.
The pterosaurs resembled both birds and bats in their overall structure and proportions. This is not
surprising because the design of any flying vertebrate is subject to aerodynamic constraints. Both the
pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds,
however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.
Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coats. T.H. Huxley reasoned
that flying vertebrates must have been warm blooded because flying implies a high internal temperature.
Huxley speculated that a coat of hair would insulate against loss of body heat and might streamline the
body to reduce drag in flight. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense, and
relatively thick hairlike fossil material was the first clear evidenced that his reasoning was correct.
Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched
themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests
of waves. Each hypothesis has its difficulties. The first wrongly assumes that the pterosaur's hind feet
resembled a bat's and could served as hooks by which the animal could bang in preparation for flight. The
second hypothesis seems unlikely because large pterosaurs could not have landed in trees without
damaging their wings. The birds call for high waves to channels updrafts. The wind that made such waves
however, might have been too strong for the pterosaurs to control their flight once airborne.
The authors mentions that English literature "was" not part of any academic curriculum "in the early
nineteenth century in order to

• A. contrast nineteenth-century attitudes towards English literature with those towards classical literature
• B. give support to those religious and political groups that had attacked fiction
• C. give one reason why Jane Austen's novels received little critical attention in the early nineteenth
  century.
• D. emphasize the need for Jane Austen to increate ordinary, everyday character in her novels.
• E. Suggest the superiority of an informal and unsystemaized approach to the study of literature

A card is drawn from a pack of cards. Find the probability that it is an ace or a diamond or a red card.

• A. 1/52
• B. 11/13
• C. 5/13
• D. 7/13
• E. 1/2

RACQUET: TENNIS::

• A. horse : pole
• B. glove : boxing
• C. springboard : diver
• D. club : golf
• E. gun : hunting

Three parrots of colours red, green and blue and two sparrows of colours brown and black pop out from
six windows in a wall clock in six different fashions, once in each hour. Two birds pop out in the first hour,
two in the second, one in the third, two in the fourth, one in the fifth and two in the sixth.
No bird comes out in two consecutive hours or more than two times in six hours.
The first hour in which the brown sparrow appears is the one that comes before the one in which the blue
parrot appears for the first time.
The second hour in which the brown sparrow appears is the one that comes after the one in which the
blue parrot appears for the second time.
When two birds come out it is either two parrots or two sparrows or a parrot and a sparrow.
If the two sparrows appear together twice then which of the following is true?
If the black sparrow pops out in fifth hour, the fourth hour consists of

• A. Two sparrows
• B. The brown sparrow and a parrot
• C. Two parrots
• D. The blue parrot and a sparrow.
• E. The green parrot and a sparrow